Cybersecurity theory is the foundation that helps us understand how systems are attacked, defended, and secured. It covers the principles behind vulnerabilities, threats, encryption, access control, network security, risk management, and more. While tools and techniques evolve, theory provides the mental models and frameworks needed to think critically, anticipate attacks, and design resilient systems. For practitioners, it’s what transforms technical skills into strategic insight — enabling red teamers to exploit weaknesses with precision, and blue teamers to build stronger defenses and detect threats with context.